A Ph.D. in Environmental Microbiology is a research-intensive program that investigates the function of microorganisms in environmental processes such as bioremediation, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem health. The curriculum typically lasts 3 to 5 years and covers topics such as microbial ecology, environmental biotechnology, soil and water microbiology, and microbial interactions in natural environments. Students undertake original research to determine how bacteria affect environmental sustainability and pollution management. Admission typically requires a Master's degree in Microbiology, Environmental Science, or a related discipline. Graduates work in academia, environmental consulting, or industries related to waste management, water treatment, and environmental conservation.